Genderlect Styles Essay Example

Genderlect Styles Paper Deborah Tannen once quote â€Å"saying that men talk about baseball in order to avoid talking about their feelings is the same way women talk about their feelings in order to avoid talking about baseball†. From here, it shows that men and women have their own culture of communication and its different from each other. She mentioned it as cross-cultural communication between this two gender. Its not about words which comes out from their mouth, its about their manners presented in their conversations, although their speaking in the same language but it also can lead to misunderstanding and misinterpretation between both sexes. This is because both gender have their own criteria in presenting or having conversations, in other words each gender have their own style in having conversation to each other. Basically, Genderlect styles theory which are developed by Deborah Tannen in the book of You just dont understand distinguishing between how women and men speak in different language and styles(genderlect styles). From my point of view, this theory seems to be relevance to communication study where by we can study more emphasize how male and female have their conversations, what topic would male and female more interested and what they mean to when a contradicting actions, words or hint that they made? This will allow us to understand the speciality of different gender of homo sapiens and will help us in avoiding such arguments created from misinterpretation and misunderstanding to happen. We will write a custom essay sample on Genderlect Styles specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Genderlect Styles specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Genderlect Styles specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer On the other hand, we will produced a satisfaction either to male or female when we understand the way they communicate and finally we will be aware in creating topics to communicate in order to produce a nice and better conversation. According to Tannen, as i mentioned earlier usually we are not aware of this differences between this two gender. Where women are more into serious conversation which will deeply affected human relationship. They tend not to use harsh language and this is because they have feminine sex roles such as soft spoken and eager to soothe feelings. While men style of talking, they couldnt stick to one serious topic of conversations. Men usually have ego in them whereby they tend to defense their own beliefs and willing to take a stand for it. They also prioritize their status in term of power and influences. From this differences, the word cross-cultural communication happen between them. I would agree in this, but in the point where we view it in public conversation. Men tend to hide personal things while women mostly share their personal view and thoughts as a conversation topic. This premises rarely apply when we view in a more personal and privacy conversations, men will start to change their style and this is because less exposure to other people but women are less in controlling the label of feminine sex in this situation. Tannen also mentioned that â€Å"for most women; the language of conversation is primarily a language of rapport, it is a way of establishing connections and negotiating relationships. On the other hand, Tannen refers to conversation for most men as a â€Å"primary means to preserve independence, and negotiate and maintain status in a hierarchical social order†. This statement can be related back to Tannens reference to status and connection as the primary goal driving men and women’s conversation styles. My second critique is that men tend to talk about logical and rational topic to have in conversation while women prefer talking related to feelings and their heart. When this kind of talk overlap each other, it will provide a heat argument where both sexes will maintain their interest. In the case of telling story referring to Tennans theory, men tell more stories than women. This is because to grab attention such as jokes or playing as a hero or main character in the conversation contrast to women where they likely to downplay their self. This also mean that men always tried to show that they are independence in going through obstacles different from women who needs support. But it seems to me in reality, women most likely to talk a lot more compare to men. I would agree on where men always to show that their are independence, this is because to remain in the position of having a masculine sex and protective characteristics while for me, women nowadays tend to show that they can stand at their own feet who need less support to be in the same level as men. From Tannen point of view, she view that men usually not being a good listener, to replace that position men tend to speak out suggestion and conclusions to problems that being told to them where by women do not seek for the answer and only need a way or place to let out the places. This seems to be misunderstand and wrong expectation by women and men most of the time. Men think that by providing conclusions, it will lessened the problem being face by women; intentionally helpful for them but then its vice versa from the women points of view. I agree that Tannes right that we have to understand this cross-cultural communication to avoid this issues. In order to balance up, this also have an advantage if men doing the process of giving conclusions, at least not solving the problem but will inform the speaker(women) that they(men) understand what they are trying to say. From that, like always mentioned indirectly they are being a giant ears. Here comes a contrast from the way men and women style of listening. For Tannen, women usually support their sigh of agreement or sign that they are listening with head nods or reaction such as yeah,uh-huh and etc. When they did this, it shows that they are concentrating on the confession of the speaker but in mens view, they prefer to remain silent while the speaker talk as showing sign of concentration because for them sign perform by women are an interruption to the conversations. When this happen, a regular misunderstanding will be produce. Thus will lead to arguments between men and women. In order to avoid this, men and women have to understand each other of way of listening and balance the reaction done according to how the situation are. Other than that, Tannen also involve the way men and women use the purpose of asking question in different ways. She mentioned that men most likely not to ask question because they view it as a threat to their status and image. When they asked question, it shows that they are not superior enough to be a men in front of the public while women use it as means of equalizing and creating connections. She said that women always tag their opinions with a question at the end to avoid for the potential disagreement which might drive people apart to occur. For example â€Å"would you like to stop by and have a drink? †, original intention of women when they ask this is that they wanted to stop by but when men directly said that â€Å"no, i dont†, it will reate a non satisfaction conversation. For me, this is because men are too direct when their being asked while women always look foward for a good response to receive. Its not that they care about their status and image, most of the time men will give a simple answer for a simple question while women are expecting a comfortable answer from a simple question. She also touch regarding conflict. For her, men are more comfortable with conflicts where they took it as a competition or contest to gain victory where women aim to avoid conflict between them. I would not agree with this, it doesnt sounds plausible to me, i found that most of the conflict occur are created from women. This is because they are more sensitive than men which consider little things as an affective tools to be argue while men will ignore simple things which will lead to arguments and prioritize more important matter to argue at. The purpose of this theory is for we to understand the characteristics in men and women to avoid worse argument and huge disagreements created from the differences. It also make us realized that the fault occur in both sexes- male and female whereby it happen in both gender. By understanding this differences and consequences that might happen, although we will not create a Utopia but at least we will have a better understanding towards each other as homo sapiens who use communication to develop ideas, form a suggestion and expressing confession. In addition to my critique above, Tannes theory are more concentrating on the differences between those two gender but she did not concern about why and how this differences occur. Is it men and women naturally determine to be that way? or maybe social influences structured them? This is more important where by, we will know the reason of this differences to occur and we will suggest a better suggestion on how to deal with the differences. The points that i disagree where Tennan seems to be more bias to women. This was shown where women provide a good and acceptable characteristic suits with their feminine sex while men seems to have more crucial characteristics and sounds unacceptable which need to change. It shows from her statement here men prioritize status rather than their relation. For me, it depends on the individual itself where this theory should not be generalized to all men and women. Although this theory is easy to apply since she provide with simple explanation, but women or men will start to stereotypical each other from the way they communicate. To sum up this critiques, I think Tennans theories does help us in solving in defining the difference between male-female communication styles but for me it is not valid when comes to conflict in relationships it takes more than that. By understanding this, it will decreases the chances for having an argument on such matters. After learning this theory, i also realized that it is very helpful in the study of communication because it consist of most relations that we will encounter in our life which are heterosexual. This theory are very useful in our everyday life especially to understand personal relationship although its not more applicable to public speaking. It do increases our awareness in treating our partner with our understanding towards their interest and their behavior.

Cape Lion Facts

Cape Lion Facts Name: Cape Lion; also known as Panthera leo melanochaitus Habitat: Plains of South Africa Historical Epoch: Late Pleistocene-Modern (500,000-100 years ago) Size and Weight: Up to seven feet long and 500 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Extensive mane; black-tipped ears    About the Cape Lion Of all the recently extinct offshoots of the modern lion- the European Lion (Panthera leo europaea), the Barbary Lion (Panthera leo leo), and the American Lion (Panthera leo atrox)- the Cape Lion (Panthera leo melanochaitus) may have the least claim to subspecies status. The last known adult specimen of this big-maned lion was shot in South Africa in 1858, and a juvenile was captured by an explorer a couple of decades later (it didnt survive long out of the wild). The trouble is, the various extant subspecies of lions have a tendency to interbreed and mix up their genes, so it may yet turn out that Cape Lions were an isolated tribe of Transvaal Lions, the remnants of which can still be found in South Africa. The Cape Lion has the dubious honor of being one of the few big cats to have been hunted, rather than harassed, into extinction: most individuals were shot and killed by European settlers, rather than slowly starving due to habitat loss or poaching of their accustomed prey. For a while, in the early 2000s, it seemed that the Cape Lion might be de-extincted: a zoo director from South Africa discovered a population of big-maned lions in Russias Novosibirsk Zoo, and announced plans to perform genome  testing and (if the results were positive for fragments of Cape Lion DNA) attempt to re-breed the Cape Lion back into existence. Unfortunately, the zoo director died in 2010 and the Novosibirsk Zoo closed a couple of years later, leaving these putative Cape Lion descendants in limbo.

Counseling women to get over there cheating partner Essay

Counseling women to get over there cheating partner - Essay Example It has also been observed that men cheat on their spouses more than women. Men give different reasons for infidelity; for instance some feel neglected and unappreciated by their wives while some believe that their marriage lacked spark and intimacy (Perel, 2011). Some men confessed that stressful events led them to cheat on their wives and some said that they had extramarital affairs because their friends had so (Fitness, 2001). Boredom and emotional deprivation are some other reasons men gave to justify their adulterous relationships. Sometimes men face financial problems and are reluctant to discuss them with their wives; as a result they turn to other women for solace and sympathy and end up having an affair. Besides feeling betrayed, the cheated wife feels aggrieved, confused, devastated and alone. Once the affair is discovered, the couples face two options; to forget everything and move on with their lives or to end the marriage. The women who decide to give another chance to th eir marriage constantly live under the fear that their husbands may have another affair. Some women seek divorce while some men leave their wives and children for the other woman. In any case, marriage comes to an end when the affair is discovered because the possibility of normal relations after this gross violation of trust becomes zero. The betrayed partner is haunted by the question â€Å"why?† and often it becomes difficult for her to go back to normal life. Under these circumstances counseling can help lower the pain experienced by the wronged partner. Different counselors suggest different ways of getting over their cheating partners. Psychological Effects of Infidelity Infidelity especially one which leads to an end to marriage leaves deep psychological scars on women. Gordon, Baucom and Snyder (2004) in their study discussed at length the impact of infidelity on the betrayed wives. Depression is also common among women who have been betrayed and may cause them to act irrationally such as enter an unhealthy relationship, seek revenge or as in most cases inflict self-harm. Suicidal thoughts in depressed women occur because they think that their lives have become meaningless and they do not have a reason to live. Women become emotionally insecure, their initial reaction of shock changes to anger, rage and disbelief and then sadness seems to engulf them. Besides feeling sad and empty, women lose interest in activities, do not care about their appearance, and feel lethargic and worthless. Experiencing changes in eating habits and sleep patterns is also common; women betrayed by their husband may experience lack of appetite or a sudden craving for food making them eat more than usual. Sleep also does not come easily to them. Betrayed women also lose faith and question the general goodness in the world. The first suggestion that counselors give women is to stop blaming themselves for what happened. The victims of broken marriages (wives) often end up blaming themselves for pushing their husbands into infidelity. This is because people strongly believe in the â€Å"good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people theory†. The victim feels ashamed and foolish for not detecting the signs of infidelity earlier and to make matters worse, the betraying husband holds the wife responsible for his reckless actions making her believe that the

Foundations of the Development and Functions of Police Assignment

Foundations of the Development and Functions of Police - Assignment Example Job security was not guaranteed for anyone as anyone could be at will and a replacement found immediately. Policing was termed as ineffective since communication and transport services were not up to code. Most of the officers engaged in corruption and misconduct and bribes were offered to the public for them not to apply the law. During the political era, location of people complained of difficulty in contacting the police for help. There were constant complaints of police harassment, and they did not enjoy support from the resident. Due to high turnover in the force police had become unpopular in the country (Walker 1977). The reform era of policing was brought about by government reforms and growth of the progressive political establishment which sought to improve the livelihoods of the citizens. The changes made involved removal of police from political control to a more standardized bureaucratic system. The police supervision improved, and no misconduct could pass through the system unnoticed. There was an emphasis on statistics and police effectives was measured on the number of arrests made, number of a tickets issued and other police based activities. Emphasis on quality community relationships was discarded as police had to deal with more pressing matters of narcotic control, increased crime and arrest of criminals. Conversely, special police forces were formed to deal with specialised problems such as SWAT, vice and narcotics. Reforms from the political era helped to eliminate corruption from the police force. The primary reason the police existed was to prevent crime and their efficiency was measured by the absence of criminal activity. The reform era also saw the establishment of police academies where police were trained, and only qualified candidates were recruited to the force (Palmiotto, 1999). The law enforcement academies serve as training grounds for recruits into the police force. They include various background

Effects of inflation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Effects of inflation - Term Paper Example The reduction in investments level will lead to a reduction in economic growth levels which depend on the level of investments. Inflation makes it hard for firms to plan for the amount of output to produce since the firms cannot forecast the demand for their product at the higher prices they will have to charge to cover costs. High inflation causes speculation on prices and interest rates which in turn increases the risk among potential trade partners, discouraging trade. Inflation reduces the value of depositor’s savings and as well reduces the value of bank loans. In the long run, the company’s revenue and earnings should increase at the same pace as inflation. But it could also reduce the confidence of investors by reducing confidence in investments that take a long time to mature. When there is a high rate of inflation a firm may look as if it is doing well when inflation is the reason behind the growth (Wildermuth, 2012).The effect of inflation on investment occurs directly and indirectly. People are not ready to enter into contracts when inflation cannot be predicted making relative prices uncertain. This reluctance to enter into contracts will affect economic growth. High inflation leads to financial repression as governments take action to protect certain sectors of the economy.Inflation is particularly detrimental to retirees whose pensions and financial investments have to be adjusted for inflation. Pension payments are now indexed to inflation in order to reduce the effects of inflation... When there is a high rate of inflation a firm may look as if it is doing well when inflation is the reason behind the growth (Wildermuth, 2012). The effect of inflation on investment occurs directly and indirectly. People are not ready to enter into contracts when inflation cannot be predicted making relative prices uncertain. This reluctance to enter into contracts will affect economic growth. High inflation leads to financial repression as governments take action to protect certain sectors of the economy. Inflation is particularly detrimental to retirees whose pensions and financial investments have to be adjusted for inflation. Pension payments are now indexed to inflation in order to reduce the effects of inflation Inflation can lead to a poor performance in the stock markets. In times of high inflation, if the firms cannot pass on the extra cost to the consumers they will most likely end up making losses. This will reduce the viability of their stocks and lead to the investors w ho had invested in the firms' stocks will suffer financial setback as the company makes losses. It leads to the changes in the preferred assets held by the wealthy individuals in a country. In the initial stages the three would be a preference for intangible assets so as to make a killing from the interest rates but as inflation increases there is capital flight from the stock markets by foreign and domestic investors and who instead invest their wealth in tangible assets whose value is not likely to be eroded swiftly by the inflationary tendencies. Inflation leads to a reduction in the balance of payments. When the domestic price level rises faster than it is rising

Mark Zuckerberg Management Style

Mark Zuckerberg Management Style Managers of an organization need multiple skills to perform their duties and act consequently. Their job is assorted and complex. A research by Robert L. Katz, he found that the managers need three essential skills: conceptual, human and technical in order to perform the four management functions; planning, organizing, leading and controlling. According to Forbes Magazine, Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of phenomenon Facebook and one of the youngest billionaire ever share the ability of great conceptual skills. Conceptual skills are thus said to be one of the crucial of all managerial skills. Managers with conceptual skills are able to see the organization as a whole, to conceptualize about abstract and complex situationsÂÂ ´ (Robbins, S., Coulter, M. 2005) and to think strategically. Conceptual skills stands out from others skills that required by a manager as the ability to use information to solve organizational problems, identification of opportunities, implementing solutions and selecting critical information from masses of data to direct the organization in the world of overflowing information. He should be able to agonize the problem areas and enforce solutions selecting critical information from masses of data, understand the business. Mark Zuckerberg has managed the facebook quite efficiently and has put the doubts of many people to rest. He uses to prepare the organization for the contingent events in the rapid changing environment. He recognizes problems, identify opportunities and implement solutions. He maximizes the use of information, ideas and concepts. Simultaneously with conceptual skills he uses other skills such as human and technological skills which it is necessitates organization to achieve its goals effectively and efficiently. Human skills, being controversially regarded as the most important set of skills have always been the root of all skills. Conceptual skills is not all that are required by a manager but it is a combination of competencies in various skills which conceptual, human and technical skills jump out from others to be more vital. Top managers use conceptual skills while making a decision since it affects the entire organization. He needs human skills which involve the ability to work well with other people both individually and in groups. Being chief executives officer he should look for to motivate the employers of the organization. Human is the most important asset of an organization and human (interpersonal) skills are regarded as the most important set of skills for a manager in todays competitive environment. Creating culture, building the senior management team, financing road shows and indeed, the delegation itself is done by Mark Zuckerberg. In Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg plays an extensive role in the decision making process. In the organization he deeply and inextricably involved with every major decision that it undertakes. He uses to negotiate and help the subordinates and rest of the employees to produce new ideas and make the final decision. He usually focuses on the technological side and innovation. He plays quite big interpersonal role in the general public by giving speeches and talking in the conferences. He uses to give information to the outsiders through the meetings and speeches conducted by facebook. Besides this he use to visit certain sessions and interact with other business managers and sign the business documents. During such interaction he asks the Sheryl Sandberg COO formerly via president of Google chief of staff for the U.S to assist him and offer some guidance. In general Mark Zuckerberg plays extensive role in all informational, interpersonal and decisional roles in the facebook which allows and makes it to be the leading social media today. (583 words) Q2) Discuss the various dynamics of the external environment Facebook presently operates in. What do you see and understand as real challenges Facebooks management team must grapple with in the days ahead if the company is to succeed in its mission to connect the whole planet? The only thing that would not change in the world is: the world is kept on changing. Although Facebook currently rank as the top social networking sites in terms of revenue and number of users, they still have to persist in innovating to hold on the honor. Facebook always encourage their users to share information public to offer better product to users, marketers and developers who wants to reach them. When so much of data is publish online, it can be a threat to Facebook. It forced by Canadian privacy commissioner to make changes to privacy changes and streamlined permissions dialogue. Just as estimated, Facebook confront disputation on privacy issue after the security researcher Wednesday once Beacon is launched. There are more than 100 million Facebook users personal information is being used or spread out to the public without users authorization. This issue is not just about data leakage for user but also for developers and marketers who uses Facebook as a tool to operate their business. Beacon is a platform which takes data from 44 web destinations and mashes it up with Facebooks internal information to help build more focused advertising messages. It was a system which allowed third parties site being posted on the wall of the users profile. People found out that it actually tracking every single thing people done online even they had logout their Facebook account. Facebook data leakage which disclosed by Wall Street Journal is said to be unintentionally. Press coverage and European Commission have their investigation on their own. The Beacon platform had breached the federal wiretap and video-rental privacy laws. A federal judge on Wednesday approved a $9.5 million settlement to a class action lawsuit challenging Facebooks program that monitored and published what users of the social networking site were buying or renting from Blockbuster, Overstock and other locations. (David Kravets) Under the settlement, Facebook agreed to terminate Beaon platform s tarted from November 2009. Facebook should provide a more user friendly privacy settings for the user to avoid the issue above to happen again. A table containing Top 30 countries with highest number of Facebook users was shown in appendix. Data is updated to 1st of April 2011. The table indicate the number of users is increasing tremendously every year. The figure 154,226,960, is the numbers of users in USA which is surprisingly high and own the first place in the ranking. Although China and India has the largest population in the world but India only own the fifth place at about 22,956,220 users. However, a statistic updated on 6th May 2011 indicates that India is the leading country which owns the highest audience growth rate. It is strange that China is not in the ranking, because Facebook is being banned by China. In the New Era of Management ninth edition by L. D. Richard predict that China will overtake United State economy as number one by midcentury. Unfortunately, China banned FB really bring down a lot registration and opportunities to generate profit. Without China, FB was like losing one of his leg or hand. Chin a Mainland population which is about 1,330,141,295 (July 2010 est.) [Source: CIA World Factbook, Jan 2011 ] China government always being tight to the access of internet, information flow and media censored Facebook because of the fatal riots happen in western region of Xinjiang in province of China. Perhaps they believe that such an action will contain the reports or discussions of the riots or stop them from happening completely. News updated on 28th April 2011 said that, Mark Zuckerberg still wanted to get connected to China and is now creating some sort of localized version of site to fit Chinas government and hope to launch it in China. (622 words) Q3) How would you describe and classify the corporate culture at Facebook? What are the elements and symbols that showcase FBs culture? In this context, how effective is Mark Zuckerberg as a cultural leader for FB? Ravasi and Schultz (2006) define organization culture as a set of shared mental assumptions that guide interpretation and action in organizations by defining appropriate behaviour for various situations. In the past, the hierarchy of management is vital for a corporate. However, Mark Zuckerberg, CEO of Facebook has created a relaxed, unstructured and open corporate culture that emphasizes more on equality. At Facebook, there are no cubicles, no walls, just mainly office furniture. This enables the employees to work in a relaxed and comfortable environment as they can come and go as they please, with no standard work schedules, thus more employee freedom. Furthermore, the managers at Facebook also practice this working environment. Sheryl Sandberg, Facebooks Chief Operating Officer, and even Zuckerberg himself has no office. They work among the employees in the open workspace that could enhance openness and problem solving process. Besides, Mark holds a public question-and-answer session for the entire organization for an hour every Friday. This session has created a great deal of openness in the organization. The openness, according to Zuckerberg, encourages collaboration, team-work and an informal atmosphere and communication. Zuckerbergs company is ballooning into an empire, but it remains scruffy, funky and slightly adorable. That is partly attributable to a workplace that combines playful start-up culture with muscular ambition and bite. Facebooks goal is to be viewed as a hip geek culture in order to attract the best talent.ÂÂ   Zuckerburg is responsible for the foundations of this culture, creating a fun environment by banging a gong when someone finishes a big coding project.ÂÂ   Facebook even hired well-known graffiti artist David Choe to paint murals in the first Facebook offices.Theres a block of meeting rooms named after inventors at the far end of the Facebook ground floor, with one given to Al Gore, who invented the internet. Facebook is creating an intrinsically social culture, rather than enterprise software or geeky, engineer-driven algorithms. At Facebook, the employees can play video or table tennis games whenever they need to unwind on the job. This fun working environment has i ncreased the job satisfaction of employees in the Facebook organization. Job satisfaction is the primary factor in intrinsic motivation. Therefore, due to the corporate culture recognized by Zuckerberg, Facebook employees are satisfied with their jobs and as a result do their jobs well and raise the productivity of Facebook. Facebook is a social utility that connects you with the people around you is the slogan of Facebook. This slogan says quite a bit about the social platform. Facebook has taken a very utilitarian stance on providing a social network. They have created a framework and are expecting you to do most of the work. When we used to wear suits to work, organizational hierarchy was indicated through the price of your suit. With Facebook, Mark forever altered our norms of privacy: our information is now public, our break-ups broadcasted, and our drunken shamings eternalized. However, Zuckerberg has changed this culture by only wear T-shirts, jeans and Adidas flip-flops to work. Mark Zuckerberg shows effectiveness as a cultural leader for Facebook by able and willing to take the risks in hiring the executives for the company, motivate employees to achieve Facebooks goals by established a relaxed, fun and unstructured corporate culture, and think strategically in the incident of refusing to bring Facebook, as a company, public. (555 words) Q4) In what ways does Facebook, as an organisation, fit in with traditional and current, modern-day management thinking and theories and in what ways is FB challenging them? As time passed, many professions had developed several management theories as a guide for manager to run the organization. There are Classical Perspective, which occurred during the nineteenth and early twenty, Management Science Perspective, which emerged during the world war two, The Recent Historical Trend which happen after the world war two and The Modern Management which combine all different theories. In today business world, different management thinking and theory are required by the manager to fits in different industries and achieve their organization goals. Facebook is the new trend in the twenty-first century, which manage and lead by the founder name Mark Zuckerberg. Humanistic perspective was conducted by Mary Parker Follett and Chester Barnard. They believe that manager need to first value peoples feelings, needs, thoughts and social relations. (Daft, n.d). Mark Zuckerberg had this management thinking of creating a social network that allowed people all over the world to engage which each other and get their updates even faster. He found out that as a human, when they disclose feelings and thoughts to their friends will make them feel closer to the person, and also behaviour on understand others emotions and opinions that surrounding. Besides, Mark Zuckerberg also adapting this theory to his employees by providing those free meals along the day, bottomless finger foods and unrestricted dry cleaning service. He allowed subordinates to express themselves, motivate them to have the same goals as the organisations goals by giving opinions on improvement of the organisation. Studies developed by Hawthorne state that in order to increase output, managers firstly need to improve human relation with the subordinates. Managers need to make employees feel respects, appreciated and have the sense of belongings to this organisation. (Daft, n.d). Mark Zuckerberg claim that an office is only just a place to gather people to brain storming to generate profits and human are the most important resources for the organisation. Therefore, Mark Zuckerberg design his headquarter with no wall between departments and the meeting rooms are located at the middle of the work space and separate by glass walls so that all the people can see through the meetings. Besides, Abraham Maslow theories, a study that claim that people are influenced by several needs and by hierarchy order. This has been used by Mark Zuckerberg, firstly, he fulfil the physical needs by providing them free meals and considerable income. Secondly, he satisfied the love and sense of belongings seeks by the employees which allowing them to disclose their thoughts and opinions. Thirdly, he will appreciate them by contribute many ideas and plans to run the business, this will increase employees esteem needs and belief that they are the proper source in helping make the world improve. Lastly, Mark Zuckerberg will somehow challenge the employees to meet certain goals. This will not only increase the improvement of organisation growth, it also acknowledges employees to fulfil their self-actualization needs. Moreover, Contingency View is the modern perspective that managers have no actual plan and managers will base on the situations or industries and economic to lead the organisation. This theory mostly utilize by organisation with structure of effective in an internet company which need to depend on the new technology. (Daft, n.d). Because Facebook is always dealing with trends of the world, and create new trend for the world. This required innovations, inspiration and new technology from the employees. Therefore, it is hard for Mark Zuckerberg to always follow the plan. Furthermore, quality seeking by the user was also a challenge face by Mark Zuckerberg. He use Total Quality Management to deal with it by improving the convenience of user to easily sign up as a user and also create software which allow user to use their mobile phone to log in and keeping on improving the privacy settings of each user. He also create benchmark of user can tag others pictures and status make them to have the same picture and comments. He also came out with the `like button allow user to like the status and which his competitors like Friendster and MySpace does not have. Learning Organisation is a modern theory which allows people not afraid to make mistakes and hope they can learn from the mistakes. It allows managers to raise the capability to discover and grow. (Senge.P. n.d). When Facebook dealing with the mistakes they made in beacon, they understand that not all people like to disclose their thoughts to the public, certain privacy are required from them. Facebook has learnt from this mistake and change their privacy settings. Q5) Describe the personality, leadership and management style of Facebook founder and CEO, Mark Zuckerberg. Discuss his most cherished values and how they govern his life, work, relationships, and the way he leads and manages his people. It is undeniable that Mark Zuckerberg is the key player of the successful of Facebook in the global nowadays. Therefore, the personality and cherished values that he holds are strongly affected his life, work and relationship. As a young billionaire, Mark did not dress himself up with branded clothes and accessories. In fact, he always wears jeans, T-shirt and North Face fleece. Besides, he rents a house with his girlfriend and drives an entry-level luxury car. Yet, his life is nothing more than meetings and talking to people due to the expansion of Facebook. He is a simple man and has showed no concern to spend much money or make money. Perhaps, these are the reason why he rejected offers from big companies such as Yahoo and Microsoft. People think that he was wrong and questioned him why would he refuse the offer because the field that he involves is unpredictable. However, from the interview with Diane Sawyer, he saying, We really just believe in what were doing. This showed that, making money is not the primary motivation of the formation of Facebook but the vision is simple as to attach people from different countries or even culture and share their life to people that they care about. Mark, as a stud ent of computer science and psychology definitely has a great sensitivity of vision. He knows that the most powerful thing in this world perhaps is the connection of people and the usefulness of the Internet. Therefore, Facebook achieved success in just few years because people like the ideas of sharing their feelings and life to their loved ones. Such personalities that Mark had affected the way he presents in work. He said everyone has a voice and people can organise whatever they want. For that reason, the open floor plan in the headquarters of Facebook allows all the workers know each single thing that happens in the buildings. Also, he holds a public question-and-answer meeting for the company for an hour on each Friday. Giving thought to these seemingly minor issues has the potential to drastically improve the working environment and employee engagement. Furthermore, although Mark is a young and rich leader, he never behaves arrogantly and still sincerely apologizes due to the mistakes that he have made. For example, membership of a group named Students against Facebook news feed that formed by Ben Parr has increased to 750,000 users within a week. Instead of being enemy with him, Mark actually posted a letter on Facebook and promised that they will come out with privacy controls. This is a leader quality that Mark had, which is problem solving. On one hand, he did not mention to make changes to the new features and support the usefulness of News Feed to know more about close friends. On the other hand, he promised to strengthen the privacy control. It seems like two-way benefit to him and Facebook without throw the new features away that causes losses and at the same time can settle the negative comment on Facebook. The tough-minded that Mark Zuckerberg had also affected the way he held the position as CEO in Facebook. Mark will improve each role in the organization each six months and performance of employees is being rank from one to five. He valued those hardworking and brilliant employees that can make him success. Some co-workers said that it is stress and fear when working in Facebook. However, the situation has been changed when Mark hired Sheryl Sandberg and people now are regretting they did not join the company. Nevertheless, Mark hire people not only because of their talent but also follow through and do things creatively such as hiring the former Firefox developer, Blake Ross. Mark showed his tough-minded completely when he turned the offer from Yahoo down. The former CEO of Yahoo, Terry Semel said, Id never met anyone-forget his age, twenty-two then or twenty-six now-Id never met anyone who would walk away from a billion dollars. But he said, Its not about the price. This is my baby , and I want to keep running it, I want to keep growing it. I couldnt believe it. (695 words)

Living with Depression, Mania, and Medication Essay -- Personal Narrat

Living with Depression, Mania, and Medication Depression joined my life shortly after I entered middle school and tagged on persistently through my adolescent years. At first, my sullen moods were brushed off as mere hormonal changes, but I quickly became aware there was something more behind them. The severity of depression is difficult to explain without personal thoughts and examples. I know that my depression is coming long before it sets in. There is a cloud of forewarning that starts to move in on the vibrancy of my thoughts and vision; the world becomes distorted and negative. Slowly, this bleakness moves in from the outside world down to the pit of my stomach where it creates a dark, menacing feeling that makes me want to cry, scream, and vomit all at the same time. The feeling beckons me to a state of hopelessness and complete despair. Lingering thoughts of paranoia become prominent which leaves friends as foes out to abandon me and complete strangers as agents out to destroy me. The thoughts of negativity drag me deepe r and deeper until I am convinced there is no bottom; they separate me from the outside world. It is in this lowest state that one of two things happens: either I am persuaded by suicidal tendencies or the blackness lifts without a trace. Without medication, death was always a daunting possibility of ending this horrid affair. The cycling of depression became a constant part of my life leaving me always afraid of what was around the corner. The other side of that corner did not appear in my life until the end of high school. Around the time of my eighteenth birthday, my mania began its cycle. The brutality of mania may set in as mere normalcy, but, in time, that same "normalcy" can end worse than d... ...nia, and medication are all part of the bipolar disorder that will be with me for the rest of my life. The cruelty of depression and ruthlessness of mania are something that no person should have to bear. They force a person to doubt society, reject friends, and lose sanity while the disease slowly starts killing the victim from the inside out. However difficult my past has been made by depression and mania, my life has come to look brighter with the advancement of medication. Bipolar disorder is a life- long disease that will always have its setbacks; however, it is a disease that, with the proper medication, will not keep me locked in a cage separate from the outside world. With the diagnoses of bipolarity, I know that I will have to deal with depression and mania, but I also know that I was not born crazy. I was born with a disease, but I was meant to live as me. Living with Depression, Mania, and Medication Essay -- Personal Narrat Living with Depression, Mania, and Medication Depression joined my life shortly after I entered middle school and tagged on persistently through my adolescent years. At first, my sullen moods were brushed off as mere hormonal changes, but I quickly became aware there was something more behind them. The severity of depression is difficult to explain without personal thoughts and examples. I know that my depression is coming long before it sets in. There is a cloud of forewarning that starts to move in on the vibrancy of my thoughts and vision; the world becomes distorted and negative. Slowly, this bleakness moves in from the outside world down to the pit of my stomach where it creates a dark, menacing feeling that makes me want to cry, scream, and vomit all at the same time. The feeling beckons me to a state of hopelessness and complete despair. Lingering thoughts of paranoia become prominent which leaves friends as foes out to abandon me and complete strangers as agents out to destroy me. The thoughts of negativity drag me deepe r and deeper until I am convinced there is no bottom; they separate me from the outside world. It is in this lowest state that one of two things happens: either I am persuaded by suicidal tendencies or the blackness lifts without a trace. Without medication, death was always a daunting possibility of ending this horrid affair. The cycling of depression became a constant part of my life leaving me always afraid of what was around the corner. The other side of that corner did not appear in my life until the end of high school. Around the time of my eighteenth birthday, my mania began its cycle. The brutality of mania may set in as mere normalcy, but, in time, that same "normalcy" can end worse than d... ...nia, and medication are all part of the bipolar disorder that will be with me for the rest of my life. The cruelty of depression and ruthlessness of mania are something that no person should have to bear. They force a person to doubt society, reject friends, and lose sanity while the disease slowly starts killing the victim from the inside out. However difficult my past has been made by depression and mania, my life has come to look brighter with the advancement of medication. Bipolar disorder is a life- long disease that will always have its setbacks; however, it is a disease that, with the proper medication, will not keep me locked in a cage separate from the outside world. With the diagnoses of bipolarity, I know that I will have to deal with depression and mania, but I also know that I was not born crazy. I was born with a disease, but I was meant to live as me.

Narrative Structure

In this report I am going to be covering camera techniques, narrative structure, format, styles and content and technical elements. When doing so I am going to be explaining how each one works, what it does and give examples of how they are used. Camera techniques In film and television production there are two main types of camera techniques single camera production and multi camera productions. A single camera production either film or video is employed on the set and each shot to make up a scene. These shots are taken individually. Using the single-camera setup generally employs just one camera. Each of the various shots and camera angles is taken with the same camera which is moved and reset to get each shot or from a new angle, if a scene cuts back and forth between actor A and actor B, the director will first point the camera towards A and shoot shots number 1, 3, 5, 7, and so on. Then they will point the camera toward subject B and do shots number 2, 4, 6, 8, ECT. Multiple-camera mode of production or multicam is a method of shooting films and television programs. Several cameras either film or video are employed on the set and simultaneously records or broadcast a scene. By using this format there is multiple shots taken to chapter the overall action and establishes the geography of the room. An example of the set up of a multi camera production set is shown below Narrative structure Narrative structure helps to define the story and helps to understand the message within the film giving it a meaning, this only applies to the way the story is told not the story itself. Narrative structure is divided into 3 different stages also known as the chronological stages. Stage 1 -the beginning – the state of equilibrium Stage 2 –the middle – the destruction of equilibrium Stage 3 – the end- the reinstatement of the equilibrium. However there is another way to describe Narrative structure in more depth the French male Tzvetan Todorov does this by using 5 stages. Stage 1 – A state of equilibrium is defined. Stage 2 – Disruption to the equilibrium by some action or crisis. Stage 3- the character(s) attempt to repair the disruption, Setting goals to resolve problem. Stage 4- The Character(s) attempt to repair the disruption; Obstacles need to be overcome to restore order. Stage 5- Reinstatement to the equilibrium. Situation is resolved, a conclusion is announced. Narrative Flashbacks Narrative flashbacks takes the narrative back in time from the current point that the story has reached. Most of the time flashbacks are used to recount events that have happened before the story’s primary sequence of events or to fill in a crucial back-story or stories. A character origin flashback specifically refers to flashbacks dealing with key events early in a character's development. In the opposite direction, a flash forward reveals events that will occur in the future. This technique is used to create suspense in a story, or develop a character. Linear Vs Non Linear Non Linear is where events that are happening are portrayed out of chronological order It is often used to mimic the structure and recall of human memory but has been applied for other reasons as well. 2 examples of non linear films are kill bill and across the hall however linear is where events that happening are in chronological order; the story starts at the beginning goes on throughout the middle and then finishes at the end an example of a linear film is little red riding hood and also beauty and the beast. Realism vs surrealism Realism narrative is a storyline that capture real life though the life of the character(s) . The events that happen within the story line could happen in everyday The clue of its meaning is within the name realism, so anything that happens within a realism narrative is capable of happening in everyday life. Surrealism narrative is the opposite within this particular narrative the content and events involved in the story line will be unreal and essentially made up from someone’s imagination. Comedy Comedy film is a genre of film in which the main emphasis is on humor. Comedy, unlike other film genres, puts much more focus on individual stars, with many former stand-up comic transitioning to the film industry due to their popularity. The plot of the comedy is often concerned with a love affair or some other scandal. However, the plot is generally less important than its witty dialogue. Hybrid comedy genres †¢ Action comedy films blend comic antics and action where the film stars combine wit and one-liners with a thrilling plot and daring stunts. These types of films are often with mismatched partners films which are an example of this are Rush Hour, Bad Boys, and Hot Fuzz. †¢ Comedy horror is a type of horror film in which the usual dark themes are treated with a humorous approach. These films are either use goofy horror clichà ©s such as in The Old Dark House, Young Frankenstein, Little Shop of Horrors, Haunted Mansion and Scary Movie. †¢ Fantasy comedy films are types of films that use magic, supernatural and or mythological figures for comic purposes. Most fantasy comedy includes an element of parody turning many of the fantasy conventions on their head such as the hero becoming a cowardly fool. Examples of these films include Night at the Museum, Day, and Shrek †¢ Sci-fi comedy films, like most hybrid genre of comedy use the elements of science fiction films to over the top extremes and exaggerated science fiction stereotypical characters. Popular examples of these types of films include Ghostbusters, Evolution and Men in Black. †¢ Military comedy films, involve comic situations in a military setting. Examples of military comedy are What Did You Do in the War, Daddy?, MASH, the Private War of Major Benson. Action Action film is a film genre where one or more heroes are put into a series of challenges that require physical feats, extended fights and frenetic chases. Story and character development are generally secondary to explosions, fist fights, gunplay and car chases. This particular genre is closely linked with the thriller and adventure film genres and spy fiction. Technical elements Light In film, the use of light can influence the meaning of a shot. For example, film makers often portray villains that are heavily shadowed or veiled, using backlight. There are many different types of lighting techniques including Background lighting, Cameo lighting ,Fill light, Flood lighting ,High-key lighting ,Key Lighting ,Lens flare ,Low-key lighting, Mood lighting, Rembrandt lighting, Stage lighting and Soft light Sound Sound effects or audio effects are created or enhanced sounds, which are used to emphasize artistic or other content of films, television shows, live performance, animation, video games, music, or other media. In motion picture and television production, a sound effect is a sound recorded and presented to make a specific storytelling or creative point without the use of dialogue or music. In professional motion picture and television production, dialogue, music, and sound effects recordings are treated as separate elements. Dialogue and music recordings are never referred to as sound effects, even though the processes applied to them, such as reverberation or flanging effects. Editing Film editing is part of the process of filmmaking. It involves the selection and combining of shots into sequences, and ultimately creating a finished motion picture. It is an art of storytelling. Film editing is the only art that is unique to cinema, separating film-making from other art forms that preceded it such as photography, theater, dance, writing, and directing, Film editing is often referred to as the â€Å"invisible art] because when it is well-practiced, the viewer can become so engaged that he or she is not even aware of the editor's work.

Wild Turkey Essays - Game Birds, Poultry, Bird Anatomy, Free Essays

Wild Turkey Essays - Game Birds, Poultry, Bird Anatomy, Free Essays Wild Turkey The wild turkey, the largest game bird in North America, is related to pheasants, quail, and grouse. It is found throughout the United States, except for Alaska, and in parts of Canada and Mexico. There are five recognized sub-species, which vary slightly, in color and size. The male wild turkey, called the tom or the gobbler, is a large robust bird weighing upt o 30 pounds and standing as high as four feet tall. His body color is brownish black with a metallic, iridescent sheen. The head and neck, nearly bald, vary from white to blue to red. Bright red, fleshy bumps, called carnucles, droop from the front and sides of the neck, and a fleshy flap of skin, called a dewlap, is attached to the throat and neck. A fingerlike protrusion called a snood hangs over the front of the beak. When the tom is alert, the snood constricts and projects vertically as a fleshy bump at the top rear of the beak. A clump of long, coarse hairs, called a beard, protrudesfrom the front of the tom's breast and may grow as long as 12 inches on older birds. Each leg has a spur on it; these spurs are small and rounded on young birds; long, pointed and usually very sharp on older birds. The male is called a gobbler for a good reason:his rattling, deep-toned call is one of the most recognizable sounds in all of nature. At mating time, toms gobble with full-volume gusto, attempting to attract hens for breeding. Adult males display for hens by fanning their tail feathers, puffing up their body feathers and dragging their wings as they strut. Their heads and neck turn bright red during breeding season or when the tom is otherwise excited. Adult females, or hens, are considerably smaller than toms, rarely weighing more than 10 to 12 pounds. Their overall body color is duller than themale's and lacks his metallic, iridescent sheen. The hen's head and neck are usually blue-grey color and sparsely covered with small, dark feathers. Caruncles are sometimes present, but smaller than those on toms. Some hens grow small beards and spurs. Although they dont gobble, hens make a variety of cluck, purr, cutt and yelp sounds. Dominant hens may assert thenselves with a display resembling that of a male, though they do not strut. Juvenile birds mature quickly. By their fifth month, the juvenile male(jake) and juvenile female(jenny) closely resemble adult birds. However, juveniles have dark legs, which turn pink as the birds age. Jakes make feeble gobbles, higher pitch than the calls of mature toms. Their beards are shorter in length and usually have amber colored tips. With its powerful legs, the wild turkey is and exceptional runner, and has been clocked at speeds up to 12 mph. Although strong short- distance flier, turkeys usually run when threatened. When necessary for escape, turkeys launch thenselves with a standing leap or a running start to accelerateto 35 mph in a matter of seconds. They cannot remain in the air for more than a few hundred yards, but can glide for half a mile or more when coasting down from a ridge. Regardless of region, wild turkeys require three elements if they are to survive, water, trees, and open grassy areas, Turkeys may be found in areas where one or more of these elements is in short supply, but the population is unlikly to flourish. Throughout most of their range

Propaganda of Imperialism essays

Propaganda of Imperialism essays Throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many European powers and later American leaders began a series of colonizations which lasted for generations. During the era of imperialism, many countries increased their interests in far away lands and had to justify their conquests to their own citizens as well as the rest of the worlds stage. Many nations began turning out propaganda justifying their actions in underdeveloped nation. Authors such as German born Friedrich Fabri and British Rudyard Kipling, along with other artists and public figures, fell into a nationalistic attitude and began publishing propaganda which glorified their nations. Pro-imperialist propaganda honored nations for sacrificing to bring civilization to the rest of the world. However, after the turning of the twentieth century, a backlash towards this ruthless imperialism began to surface in response to years of support. Imperialism opened up new markets for both raw and manufactured goods. It also helped expand the economy of those powers which controlled these new markets. European countries like Spain, Britain and France had been active in colonization since the sixteenth centuries, but with new revolutions which came with the Industrial Revolution brought renewed interest in colonization. Previously undesired parts of Africa and the South Pacific were being seized by European powers and American politicians. With this new form of imperialism came a new for of propaganda to justify such conquests. After winning the Philippines from Spain, the United States had to commence in a ten year struggle to rid the islands of native insurgents. The image found on page 149 glorifies the United States fight for control of the Philippines and the dislike for allowing the native people to rule over themselves. Rather than understanding the Filipinos own desire to be self-sufficient and independent, American ...

GENETICLY MONDIFIED ORGANISMS AND MONSANTO Essay

GENETICLY MONDIFIED ORGANISMS AND MONSANTO - Essay Example The role of media in this regard is crucial since it the only source of communication between the general public and big biotechnological companies such as Monsanto, Novartis, Pioneer etc. It is also hard to ignore the fact that the media plays a very important role when it comes to influencing the perception of society since today, people tend to rely a lot on media and its outreach. Therefore, media has the sole power to change the notion of people about genetically modified products and the same power is misused. Scientists consider genetic engineered crops to be a boon for society however, there a millions of people who are against the technology simply because the technology as a whole and the risks associated with it is either not clear or are misinterpreted to them. It is often hard for a society as a whole to accept a new form of technology. Genetically Modified crops may have already reached the shelves of the supermarkets yet even today the risks and concerns associated to GMO crops are perceived negatively by society. Safety is the first concern since some instances have shown that GM crops may not be as safe as they appear to be. For example a U.S. company Pioneer Hi-Bred modified soybeans and introduced a gene from Brazilian nuts that could enhance production of sulfur-rich amino acids but on further tests showed that the product which was actually meant for animal feed was an allergen to humans. The concept was not pursued any further by the company(Jones, 1999).Statistical findings about Monsanto’s products such as modified corn MON 863 and MON 810 by researchers showed that in contrast to Monsanto’s reports toxic these corns were detrimental to human health (Vendemois et al, 2010). Â  .Risks associated with GMOs also inc lude interbreeding between modified and wild types giving rise to potentially

Land Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Land Law - Essay Example of the purchase, all three were undergraduates at Hanterbury University, but since graduation A and B have started work in management trainee positions for the Ocean Hotel. C became a postgraduate student at the University. Three months ago, A was told that the hotel wanted to send her on a one-year training programme in Geneva, Switzerland. She discussed the opportunity with B and C, saying that she would like Sardine Cottage to be sold, since in the future she may take up a hotel appointment anywhere in the world and she would rather have her share of the proceeds of sale. B and C told her that they did not want to sell the property, because of its convenience for their work and studies. A consulted a solicitor and asked the solicitor to send a ‘notice of severance’ to B and C. The notice was duly sent, but, before it was delivered to B and C at Sardine Cottage, B was rushed into hospital with serious heart problems. A collected the letters containing the severance not ice, addressed to B and C, immediately after the postman delivered them to Sardine Cottage. B and C have never received the severance notice. B was informed that she was very seriously ill and made a will in hospital leaving all her real and personal property to her mother, W. Unfortunately, B died shortly after making the will. C is stricken with grief over the loss of her cousin B and feels that she would be unable to live in Sardine Cottage in the future. Consequently, she would like the Cottage to be sold. However, due to the credit crunch, A has been told that the training opportunity in Geneva is no longer available and she is opposed to the sale of Sardine Cottage where she wants to continue to live. Moreover, A would like to wait and see if the property market improves before making any decision to sell Sardine Cottage. The registered proprietor of the Ocean Hotel is J, who is also the general manager. The hotel has large grounds, which included a small property